Is Mercury Volatile?

Yes, elemental mercury is volatile and readily evaporates at room temperature. This property makes it especially hazardous when spilled or exposed to air indoors.

Key Facts About Mercury Vapor

• Elemental mercury vaporizes slowly at room temperature but more rapidly when heated.
• Inhalation of mercury vapor is the most dangerous exposure route.
• Vapor is invisible, odorless, and accumulates in closed environments.
• Small spills (like broken thermometers) can emit harmful vapors over long periods.

Health Risks from Vapor Exposure

Mercury vapor is absorbed through the lungs and can cross the blood-brain barrier, where it causes neurotoxic effects. Symptoms may include:

• Tremors, irritability, and memory problems
• Fatigue and difficulty concentrating
• Headaches and respiratory irritation
• Long-term exposure may damage kidneys and the central nervous system

Prevention and Cleanup

• Use digital thermometers and mercury-free devices whenever possible.
• Never use a vacuum to clean mercury spills – it spreads vapor.
• Ventilate the area and contact hazardous materials professionals for safe cleanup.
• Seal and properly dispose of contaminated items through a hazardous waste facility.

Real-World Incidents Involving Mercury Vapor

• Minnesota School Spill (2004): A student brought a jar of mercury to school. Over 50 students were exposed and the school required costly hazmat cleanup and weeks of closure. [CDC Report]
• Indiana Home Incident (2008): A homeowner spilled elemental mercury while removing an old gas regulator. The house had to be vacated and underwent extensive decontamination. [ATSDR Fact Sheet]
• Hospital Thermometer Break (2007): In a hospital in Pennsylvania, a broken thermometer led to the evacuation of a neonatal unit due to mercury vapor risk.